Multiple cores are most effective when doing a lot of processing on a relatively small data set. Multiple cores are beneficial when you have multiple applications that each require high CPU usage, or multiple processes that don't depend on each other, such as rendering video frames. In some cases, today's four-core and eight-core computers can process data faster than the memory bus can deliver more pixels to be processed, resulting in cores that wait for things to do. Some operations aren't even practical to split across cores. Overhead is involved in splitting the workload across the cores, and moving data between the cores takes time. However, it's important to understand that two 2 GHz cores are not exactly as fast as one 4 GHz core. Photoshop has recognized multiple processors for several versions now. Now it's easier to find a computer with two 2 GHz cores than with one 4 GHz core. In recent years, CPU design has shifted from speeding up one processor core to including multiple processor cores in a single CPU. CPU makers used to boost performance by increasing the CPU speed in gigahertz (GHz), but started hitting a wall in terms of heat and power consumption. Photoshop loves a speedy central processing unit (CPU), particularly as you pile on the megapixels, layers, and Smart Objects.
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